{"id":4434,"date":"2013-02-26T10:31:14","date_gmt":"2013-02-26T15:31:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/?p=4434"},"modified":"2013-03-07T10:48:54","modified_gmt":"2013-03-07T15:48:54","slug":"perturbateurs-endocriniens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2013\/02\/perturbateurs-endocriniens\/","title":{"rendered":"perturbateurs endocriniens"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Une r\u00e9flexion stimul\u00e9e r\u00e9cemment par la parution de ce rapport sur les perturbateurs endocriniens. Les risques \u00e0 long terme li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de produits chimiques \u00e0 effets endocriniens sont encore peu \u00e9tudi\u00e9s et compris.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/ipcs\/publications\/new_issues\/endocrine_disruptors\/en\/index.html\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-4428\" alt=\"disruptor\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/disruptor-230x300.jpg\" width=\"230\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a>Le\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/ipcs\/publications\/new_issues\/endocrine_disruptors\/en\/index.html\">Global assessment of the state-of-the-science of endocrine disruptors<\/a>. Pour voir la\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/environment\/endocrine\/documents\/4_SOTA%20EDC%20Final%20Report%20V3%206%20Feb%2012.pdf\">m\u00e9thodologie utilis\u00e9e<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9videmment lorsqu&rsquo;on permet au tout venant d&rsquo;inventer des formules et des produits chimiques interactifs, ayant un effet sur les syst\u00e8mes endocriniens et reproductifs des \u00eatres vivants (humains, animaux, v\u00e9g\u00e9taux ?), <b>sans m\u00eame \u00eatre oblig\u00e9 d&rsquo;en d\u00e9crire les composantes<\/b>&#8230; on peut s&rsquo;attendre \u00e0 quelques rat\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Il faudrait standardiser, s\u00e9curiser les contenants, enveloppes et autres supports physicochimiques de distribution de masse. Ce serait r\u00e9duire le risque, mais probablement augmenter le co\u00fbt&#8230; \u00c0 moins que la standardisation n&rsquo;implique une r\u00e9duction drastique du co\u00fbt de remplacement de la m\u00e9thode \u00ab\u00a0non standard\u00a0\u00bb. Par ailleurs, standardiser aujourd&rsquo;hui en \u00e9tablissant des normes minima revient \u00e0 r\u00e9duire le champ de l&rsquo;innovation au nom de la r\u00e9duction des risques. Comme on a interdit les produits \u00e0 base de plomb&#8230; m\u00eame si ce mat\u00e9riau avait d&rsquo;excellentes qualit\u00e9s plastiques et chimiques.<\/p>\n<p>Un principe de pr\u00e9caution nous ferait r\u00e9duire la vitesse* \u00e0 laquelle de nouveaux produits chimiques sont propos\u00e9s et distribu\u00e9s globalement. Tout en consacrant un effort important \u00e0 soutenir la circulation des produits en fournissant une liste de supports comp\u00e9tents\u00a0chimiquement acceptables. \u00c9tablir des recettes, des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s industriels jug\u00e9s acceptables implique qu&rsquo;on puisse en v\u00e9rifier l&rsquo;application sur le terrain. Un ou des corps de contr\u00f4le aptes \u00e0 punir les contrevenants et les pressions mafieuses. Des corps de certification reconnaissant \u00e0 des organisations industrielles la comp\u00e9tence de produire certaines mati\u00e8res synth\u00e9tiques en certaines quantit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p><em>* R\u00e9duire la vitesse, c\u2019est presqu&rsquo;aussi sacril\u00e8ge que de parler de r\u00e9duction de la croissance !<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mais on parle de centaines de milliers de produits chimiques actuellement sur le march\u00e9. Dont on n&rsquo;a pu \u00e9valuer la toxicit\u00e9 que de la pointe de l&rsquo;iceberg. Faudra-t-il \u00ab\u00a0oublier\u00a0\u00bb la partie immerg\u00e9e de l&rsquo;iceberg ? Ou ne faut-il pas plut\u00f4t la r\u00e9duire&#8230; \u00e0 la moiti\u00e9, au tiers, au cinqui\u00e8me de ce qu&rsquo;elle est actuellement ? Ce qui serait normal et attendu d&rsquo;un processus de standardisation, qui choisit le composant chimique le plus s\u00fbr et accessible pour atteindre un ensemble de fins.<\/p>\n<p>Mais ce n\u2019est pas ce que propose le rapport sur l\u2019\u00e9tat de la science des perturbateurs endocriniens : plus d\u2019\u00e9tudes, des donn\u00e9es plus fiables\u2026 le refrain habituel, quoi. Pourtant, m\u00eame une faible \u00e9vidence (weak evidence) est une \u00e9vidence, non ? Et si l\u2019effet n\u00e9gatif sur la sant\u00e9 des humains n\u2019est pas aussi \u00e9vident que sur la faune et les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes naturels (wildlife), c\u2019est sans doute que la \u00ab\u00a0vie\u00a0sauvage\u00a0\u00bb est plus fragile, plus diversifi\u00e9e que celle dans les cit\u00e9s humaines\u2026 o\u00f9 l\u2019intensit\u00e9 des interactions biochimiques li\u00e9e aux plastiques et autres produits synth\u00e9tiques est en partie masqu\u00e9e par un syst\u00e8me immunitaire d\u00e9j\u00e0 assailli par la seule densit\u00e9 populationnelle.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00ab the incidence of <a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cryptorchidie\">cryptorchidism<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hypospadias\">hypospadias<\/a> may\u00a0show similar geographic\u00a0variations to the incidence of testicular cancer.<\/p>\n<p>Worldwide, despite large expenditures of money, time, and effort, comparable data sets for assessing\u00a0exposures to EDCs for humans or wildlife are not available.<\/p>\n<p>Although it is clear that certain environmental chemicals can interfere with normal hormonal processes, there is weak evidence that human health has been adversely affected by exposure to endocrine active chemicals.<\/p>\n<p>[L]aboratory animal studies have indicated that early life stages may be especially sensitive to the effects of EDCs (&#8230;)\u00a0the evidence that wildlife have been affected adversely by exposures to EDCs is extensive. \u00bb <em>Extraits du rapport Global assessment\u2026<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une r\u00e9flexion stimul\u00e9e r\u00e9cemment par la parution de ce rapport sur les perturbateurs endocriniens. Les risques \u00e0 long terme li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de produits chimiques \u00e0 effets endocriniens sont encore peu \u00e9tudi\u00e9s et compris. Le\u00a0Global assessment of the state-of-the-science of endocrine disruptors. Pour voir la\u00a0m\u00e9thodologie utilis\u00e9e. \u00c9videmment lorsqu&rsquo;on permet au tout venant &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2013\/02\/perturbateurs-endocriniens\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> de &laquo;&nbsp;perturbateurs endocriniens&nbsp;&raquo;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"atmosphere_disabled":false,"atmosphere_custom_text":"","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[49,151,153],"class_list":["post-4434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-ecologie","tag-sante-publique","tag-sciences"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":7027,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2023\/01\/le-temps-qui-nous-reste\/","url_meta":{"origin":4434,"position":0},"title":"le temps qui nous reste","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"9 janvier 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Le bulletin quotidien Daily Dose of Resilience me fait conna\u00eetre le blogue d'un astrophysicien, Tom Murphy, Do the Math. Je retiens deux articles publi\u00e9s r\u00e9cemment : The Cult of Civilization (2022.10.04) et The Simple Story of Civilization (2022.12.19). Une version vid\u00e9o (30 minutes) sous forme d'entrevue portant sur ce dernier\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"\u00e9cologie\"","block_context":{"text":"\u00e9cologie","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/ecologie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Energy-and-Human-Ambitions.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Energy-and-Human-Ambitions.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Energy-and-Human-Ambitions.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":7509,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2024\/08\/re-de-dev-in-progr\/","url_meta":{"origin":4434,"position":1},"title":"\u00e0 propos de Development in Progress","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"20 ao\u00fbt 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Apr\u00e8s une lecture attentive de la version fran\u00e7aise de Development in Progress (que je proposais il y a peu), je suis encore impressionn\u00e9 par la qualit\u00e9 de la traduction (par DeepL) m\u00eame si j\u2019ai trouv\u00e9 quelques instances de mauvaise traduction. Et j\u2019ai aussi quelques critiques sur le fond. Erreurs de\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"\u00e9conomie\"","block_context":{"text":"\u00e9conomie","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/economie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":530,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2007\/03\/contrer-le-dilemme-du-prisonnier\/","url_meta":{"origin":4434,"position":2},"title":"contrer le Dilemme du prisonnier ?","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"25 mars 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"Collective behaviour and climate change: why would anybody bother?: \"And now I'm just catching up with a recent study by CDX and the Centre for Sustainable Energy on Mobilising individual behavioural change through community initiatives. The study investigated 'what kinds of local and community initiatives are most effective at influencing\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"environnement\"","block_context":{"text":"environnement","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/environnement\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":569,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2007\/05\/plus-que-le-pied\/","url_meta":{"origin":4434,"position":3},"title":"plus que le PIED","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"23 mai 2007","format":false,"excerpt":"Weight training can make old muscles new again down to the genetic level a study of seniors out of Hamilton's McMaster University suggests. (Toronto Star) Le programme PIED de pr\u00e9vention des chutes aupr\u00e8s des a\u00een\u00e9s pourrait \u00eatre \u00e9largi \u00e0 tout le corps ! L'exercice physique d'endurance musculosquelettique par la lev\u00e9e\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"activit\u00e9 physique\"","block_context":{"text":"activit\u00e9 physique","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/activite-physique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3533,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2010\/12\/sociologie-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":4434,"position":4},"title":"avanc\u00e9es en sociologie","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"30 d\u00e9cembre 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"Pos\u00e9e y il a quelques jours sur ce carnet, j'ai eu l'audace de relancer cette question (Quels ont \u00e9t\u00e9 les avanc\u00e9es les plus marquantes de la d\u00e9cennie qui s'ach\u00e8ve pour la sociologie ?) aupr\u00e8s de sociologues que je connaissais, ou encore ceux qui animent des blogues. Et j'ai d\u00e9j\u00e0 (malgr\u00e9\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"sciences\"","block_context":{"text":"sciences","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/sciences\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3515,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2010\/12\/indices\/","url_meta":{"origin":4434,"position":5},"title":"indices de bien-\u00eatre","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"9 d\u00e9cembre 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"J'ai poursuivi mon exploration du site et du rapport des \"Comptes nationaux du bien-\u00eatre\" d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s par le National Economic Foundation (NEF) \u00e0 partir des donn\u00e9es de l'enqu\u00eate sociale europ\u00e9enne de 2006-2007. C'est un site en anglais, mais la compr\u00e9hension en est assez simple... et vous trouverez ici une pr\u00e9sentation assez\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"d\u00e9veloppement social\"","block_context":{"text":"d\u00e9veloppement social","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/developpement-social\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/12\/OAWB.gif?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4434"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4434\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}