{"id":5555,"date":"2016-11-22T15:52:25","date_gmt":"2016-11-22T20:52:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/?p=5555"},"modified":"2016-11-28T15:30:47","modified_gmt":"2016-11-28T20:30:47","slug":"usa-monde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2016\/11\/usa-monde\/","title":{"rendered":"les USA dans le monde"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cet appel lanc\u00e9 au pr\u00e9sident-\u00e9lu\u00a0Trump par deux hommes politiques am\u00e9ricains chevronn\u00e9s – \u00a0William S. Cohen<\/strong>, ancien secr\u00e9taire \u00e0 la d\u00e9fense r\u00e9publicain et\u00a0Gary Hart<\/strong>, ancien s\u00e9nateur d\u00e9mocrate :\u00a0Don’t Retreat into Fortress America<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0– nous rappelle \u00e0 quel point la pr\u00e9sence militaire am\u00e9ricaine a conditionn\u00e9 l’\u00e9quilibre international et\u00a0fa\u00e7onn\u00e9 ses institutions depuis 70 ans.<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/22\/opinion\/dont-retreat-into-fortress-america.html<\/p>\n

via Instapaper<\/p>\n

Virtually the entire world has signed the Paris accord. Unilateral abrogation would be a huge blow to the United States\u2019 international credibility.<\/p>\n

Truman, Marshall, Acheson and Eisenhower, through their belief in having the strongest military in the world to back a focused and creative diplomacy, put America in a position to lead the world for 70 years. Will Mr. Trump cede that responsibility to Moscow, Beijing or Tehran?<\/p>\n

Wise leaders such as Truman, Eisenhower, Marshall and Acheson constructed a temple in which freedom could thrive and economies could prosper. The interior of the temple may be in need of renovation, but Mr. Trump should not pull apart its central pillars and bring it crashing down.
\n[Don\u2019t Retreat into Fortress America<\/strong><\/a>]<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ces auteurs reconnaissent que \u00ab\u00a0la maison a besoin de r\u00e9novation\u00a0\u00bb, mais implorent de ne pas\u00a0affaiblir\u00a0les murs porteurs au risque de voir la maison s’effondrer. Ils avouent cependant que Trump \u00ab a un point, l\u00e0 \u00bb lorsque celui-ci demande aux membres de l’OTAN de mieux contribuer au financement de l’effort.<\/p>\n

Si les responsabilit\u00e9s financi\u00e8res \u00e0 l’endroit de l’OTAN doivent \u00eatre rediscut\u00e9es, le r\u00f4le\u00a0et les fonctions de\u00a0l’alliance\u00a0militaire devraient aussi \u00eatre red\u00e9finis, pr\u00e9cis\u00e9s et adapt\u00e9s au contexte actuel. Les menaces des \u00ab\u00a0puissances ennemies\u00a0\u00bb ne sont pas disparues mais elles ne sont plus ce qu’elles \u00e9taient au creux\u00a0de la guerre froide. Les menaces diffuses du terrorisme et celles, moins visibles encore, des pirates et trafiquants de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et d’expuls\u00e9s. Menaces-pr\u00e9dations que des conglom\u00e9rats priv\u00e9s exercent sur les ressources communes \u00e0 l’humanit\u00e9 (haute-mer, air, glaces). Des menaces qui exigent de nouvelles formes de protection.<\/p>\n

Thomas Piketty<\/strong>, dans le journal Le Monde, Pour une autre mondialisation<\/a>((Aussi dans LThe Guardian :\u00a0We must rethink globalization, or Trumpism will prevail<\/a>)), \u00a0affirme<\/p>\n

[I]l faut arr\u00eater de signer des accords internationaux r\u00e9duisant des droits de douanes et autres barri\u00e8res commerciales sans inclure dans le m\u00eame trait\u00e9, et d\u00e8s les premiers chapitres, des r\u00e8gles chiffr\u00e9es et contraignantes permettant de lutter contre le dumping fiscal et climatique,<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ce qui l’am\u00e8ne \u00e0 d\u00e9clarer franchement :<\/span><\/p>\n

[L]e CETA est un trait\u00e9 d\u2019un autre temps et doit \u00eatre rejet\u00e9. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un trait\u00e9 \u00e9troitement commercial, ne contenant aucune mesure contraignante sur le plan fiscal ou climatique.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Piketty n’est pas contre les accords commerciaux mais plut\u00f4t contre ceux qui ne font qu’abaisser les barri\u00e8res \u00e0 l’appropriation et aux \u00e9changes priv\u00e9s sans que soient prot\u00e9g\u00e9es les ressources communes et publiques\u00a0sans lesquelles il n’y a pas d’enrichissement priv\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

L’accord Canada-Europe devrait innover et int\u00e9grer les dimensions fiscales et environnementales et ainsi participer de la mise en oeuvre des ententes conclues entre les \u00c9tats pour r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9chets, pollutions et \u00e9vasions qui mettent en danger les \u00e9quilibres \u00e9cologiques et\u00a0politiques de la plan\u00e8te.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 mon avis l’isolationnisme am\u00e9ricain ne peut\u00a0\u00eatre contr\u00e9 que par une collaboration accrue des \u00ab\u00a0puissances moyennes\u00a0\u00bb et petites… Si le gorille de 800 livres veut remettre en question les r\u00e8gles et institutions du vivre ensemble, autant en profiter pour pousser\u00a0les r\u00e9formes devenues n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n

P.S. (16.11.23) L’article du Foreign Affairs appelle \u00e0\u00a0ne pas d\u00e9faire le cadre international avant d’en avoir mis un autre en place : TPP, R.I.P. ?<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prot\u00e9ger le fragile \u00e9quilibre politique et militaire maintenu depuis 70 ans. Mais modifier les accords commerciaux afin d’y inclure des engagements fiscaux et environnementaux contraignants. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"atmosphere_disabled":false,"atmosphere_custom_text":"","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[248,231],"class_list":["post-5555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-politique-americaine","tag-politique-internationale"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":80,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2005\/04\/frontieres-ouvertes-et-codes-libres\/","url_meta":{"origin":5555,"position":0},"title":"fronti\u00e8res ouvertes et codes libres","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"6 avril 2005","format":false,"excerpt":"Ce que Gates dis de l'Am\u00e9rique (entendez les USA), on pourrait le dire de l'Occident :''When I compare our high schools to what I see when I'm traveling abroad, I am terrified for our work force of tomorrow. In math and science, our fourth graders are among the top students\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"politiques\"","block_context":{"text":"politiques","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/polis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4564,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2013\/06\/echanges-internationaux\/","url_meta":{"origin":5555,"position":1},"title":"\u00e9changes internationaux & interprovinciaux","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"28 juin 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Un article du G&M (Canada\u2019s blockated bridges to provincial trade) de ce lundi 24 juin, sur les blocages traditionnels dans les \u00e9changes entre les provinces canadiennes qui emp\u00eachent actuellement la finalisation d\u2019ententes internationales d\u2019\u00e9changes commerciaux, avec l\u2019Europe notamment. Le Qu\u00e9bec, encore plus s\u2019il devenait ind\u00e9pendant, aura toujours besoin d\u2019accroitre son\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"\u00e9conomie\"","block_context":{"text":"\u00e9conomie","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/economie\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6272,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2020\/03\/lentraide-au-temps-3\/","url_meta":{"origin":5555,"position":2},"title":"l’entraide au temps… (3)","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"26 mars 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Une adresse des plus utiles actuellement : la Prestation canadienne d\u2019urgence Des 350 r\u00e9f\u00e9rences collig\u00e9es ces trois derniers jours par l'\u00e9quipe de The Syllabus qui publie depuis 10 jours son Coronavirus Readings, j'ai retenu celles qui suivent. Rassembl\u00e9es en 4 groupes : philosophie, politique, \u00e9conomie et transition. Philosophie Urgence ou\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"#covid-19\"","block_context":{"text":"#covid-19","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/covid-19\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/arcenciel.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/arcenciel.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/arcenciel.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":259,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2006\/01\/sante-americains\/","url_meta":{"origin":5555,"position":3},"title":"la sant\u00e9 des Am\u00e9ricains se d\u00e9t\u00e9riore","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"5 janvier 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"The prevalence of smoking decreased by 30% between 1990 and 2005, but almost all improvement occurred between 1990 and 1993. Today almost 21% of Americans smoke. Obesity doubled between 1990 and 2005, from 11.6% of the population to 23.1%. [BMJ] \u00a0Ces chiffres sont extraits d'un rapport am\u00e9ricain : America\u2019s Health\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"politiques\"","block_context":{"text":"politiques","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/polis\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4081,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2012\/01\/droite\/","url_meta":{"origin":5555,"position":4},"title":"m\u00eame la droite","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"24 janvier 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Un commentaire de Andrew Sullivan, qui se dit lui-m\u00eame \u00e0 droite, et qui demande au pr\u00e9sident Obama de viser une r\u00e9forme radicale de la taxation am\u00e9ricaine (he needs to embrace radical tax reform). My position is on the right. I know that. I'm not a redistributionist. But the system we\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"politique am\u00e9ricaine\"","block_context":{"text":"politique am\u00e9ricaine","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/politique-americaine\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":721,"url":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/2008\/03\/une-sur-quatre\/","url_meta":{"origin":5555,"position":5},"title":"une sur quatre","author":"Gilles Beauchamp","date":"12 mars 2008","format":false,"excerpt":"Une jeune am\u00e9ricaine sur quatre est infect\u00e9e d'une MTS. La proportion monte \u00e0 50% chez les afro-am\u00e9ricaines. Nearly half the African-Americans in the study of teenagers ages 14 to 19 were infected with at least one of the diseases monitored in the study \u2014 human papillomavirus (HPV), chlamydia, genital herpes\u2026","rel":"","context":"Dans \"sant\u00e9 publique\"","block_context":{"text":"sant\u00e9 publique","link":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/tag\/sante-publique\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5555","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5555"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5555\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5555"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5555"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gillesenvrac.ca\/carnet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5555"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}